Phenotypic regional functional imaging patterns during memory encoding in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
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2013
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Background: Reliable blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) phenotypic biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are likely to emerge only from a systematic, quantitative, and aggregate examination of the functional neuroimaging research literature. Methods: A series of random-effects activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analyses were conducted on studies of episodic memory encoding operations in AD and MCI samples relative to normal controls. ALE analyses were based on a thorough literature search for all task-based functional neuroimaging studies in AD and MCI published up to January 2010. Analyses covered 16 fMRI studies, which yielded 144 distinct foci for ALE meta-analysis. Results: ALE results indicated several regional task-based BOLD consistencies in MCI and AD patients relative to normal control subjects across the aggregate BOLD functional neuroimaging research literature. Patients with AD and those at significant risk (MCI) showed statistically significant consistent activation differences during episodic memory encoding in the medial temporal lobe, specifically parahippocampal gyrus, as well superior frontal gyrus, precuneus, and cuneus, relative to normal control subjects. Conclusions: ALE consistencies broadly support the presence of frontal compensatory activity, medial temporal lobe activity alteration, and posterior midline "default mode" hyperactivation during episodic memory encoding attempts in the diseased or prospective predisease condition. Taken together, these robust commonalities may form the foundation for a task-based fMRI phenotype of memory encoding in AD. © 2013 The Alzheimer's Association. All rights reserved.
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Browndyke, JN, K Giovanello, J Petrella, K Hayden, O Chiba Falek, KA Tucker, JR Burke, KA Welsh Bohmer, et al. (2013). Phenotypic regional functional imaging patterns during memory encoding in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's and Dementia, 9(3). pp. 284–294. 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.12.006 Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/13331.
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Jeffrey Nicholas Browndyke
Dr. Browndyke is an Associate Professor of Behavioral Health & Neurosciences in the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences. He has a secondary appointment as Assistant Professor of Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery.
Dr. Browndyke's research interests involve the use of advanced neurocognitive and neuroimaging techniques for perioperative contributions to delirium and later dementia risk, monitoring of late-life neuropathological disease progression, and intervention/treatment outcomes. His research also involves novel telehealth methods for remote neurocognitive evaluation and implementation of non-invasive neuromodulatory techniques to assist in postoperative recovery and dementia risk reduction.
Dr. Browndyke's clinical expertise is focused upon geriatric neuropsychology with an emphasis in the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of dementia and related disorders in adults and US veteran patient populations.

Jeffrey Robert Petrella
- Quantitating and modeling physiologic processes in normal and diseased states in the central nervous system through the use of imaging
- Application and development of advanced MR imaging technologies (e.g., diffusion, perfusion and fMRI) as well as advanced image processing and analysis techniques
- Elucidating the functional unpinnings of cognitive impairment in early stage Alzheimer's disease
- Development of functional imaging biomarkers for early diagnosis and monitoring of dementia
- Functional MRI as an aid to preoperative planning in patients with potentially resectable brain lesions

James Robert Burke
My research focuses on the characterization of cognitive change with age. I am specifically interested in delineating the change between normal and pathologic changes associated with aging and developing therapies to delay decline.
My area of expertise is neurodegenerative diseases and dementia with an emphasis on Alzheimer's disease.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease.
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