Heart failure diagnostic accuracy, intraoperative fluid management, and postoperative acute kidney injury: a single-centre prospective observational study.

Abstract

Background

The accurate diagnosis of heart failure (HF) before major noncardiac surgery is frequently challenging. The impact of diagnostic accuracy for HF on intraoperative practice patterns and clinical outcomes remains unknown.

Methods

We performed an observational study of adult patients undergoing major noncardiac surgery at an academic hospital from 2015 to 2019. A preoperative clinical diagnosis of HF was defined by keywords in the preoperative assessment or a diagnosis code. Medical records of patients with and without HF clinical diagnoses were reviewed by a multispecialty panel of physician experts to develop an adjudicated HF reference standard. The exposure of interest was an adjudicated diagnosis of heart failure. The primary outcome was volume of intraoperative fluid administered. The secondary outcome was postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI).

Results

From 40 659 surgeries, a stratified subsample of 1018 patients were reviewed by a physician panel. Among patients with adjudicated diagnoses of HF, those without a clinical diagnosis (false negatives) more commonly had preserved left ventricular ejection fractions and fewer comorbidities. Compared with false negatives, an accurate diagnosis of HF (true positives) was associated with 470 ml (95% confidence interval: 120-830; P=0.009) lower intraoperative fluid administration and lower risk of AKI (adjusted odds ratio:0.39, 95% confidence interval 0.18-0.89). For patients without adjudicated diagnoses of HF, non-HF was not associated with differences in either fluids administered or AKI.

Conclusions

An accurate preoperative diagnosis of heart failure before noncardiac surgery is associated with reduced intraoperative fluid administration and less acute kidney injury. Targeted efforts to improve preoperative diagnostic accuracy for heart failure may improve perioperative outcomes.

Department

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Provenance

Citation

Published Version (Please cite this version)

10.1016/j.bja.2024.08.020

Publication Info

Mathis, Michael R, Kamrouz Ghadimi, Andrew Benner, Elizabeth S Jewell, Allison M Janda, Hyeon Joo, Michael D Maile, Jessica R Golbus, et al. (2024). Heart failure diagnostic accuracy, intraoperative fluid management, and postoperative acute kidney injury: a single-centre prospective observational study. British journal of anaesthesia. p. S0007-0912(24)00496-3. 10.1016/j.bja.2024.08.020 Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/31608.

This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.

Scholars@Duke

Ghadimi

Kamrouz Ghadimi

Associate Professor of Anesthesiology

Overview
Dr. Ghadimi is a cardiothoracic anesthesiologist, intensivist (ICU doctor), researcher, educator, and director of the clinical research unit in the Department of Anesthesiology at Duke Health. He has published over 100 peer-reviewed manuscripts, book chapters, online reviews, and editorials. His expertise involves the perioperative and intensive care management of patients undergoing cardiac and noncardiac surgery, with a special focus on the treatment of bleeding and inflammation related to shock and mechanical circulatory support and on the modification of pulmonary circulation to optimize end-organ blood flow.

Clinical Education
Dr. Ghadimi is a medical school graduate of Boston University School of Medicine, completed his internship in general surgery at the University of California Irvine Medical Center and Long Beach Veterans Affairs Medical Center and completed clinical anesthesiology residency at the Allegheny Health Network in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He completed advanced clinical fellowship specialization in adult Critical Care Medicine (surgical focus) and Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology at the University of Pennsylvania Health System in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 

Expertise
Dr. Ghadimi's expertise and instruction spans across the cardiothoracic operating rooms and cardiothoracic surgical ICU environments. His expertise includes perioperative hemostasis & thrombosis, critical care of the heart or lung transplant recipient, and critical care for the patient on mechanical circulatory support, which may include extracorporeal life support (ECMO) or ventricular assist devices/systems.

Research Education
Dr. Ghadimi is a clinical and translational researcher and holds a Master in Health Sciences (M.H.Sc.) from the Duke-NIH Clinical Research Training Program. 


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