Heart matters: Gender and racial differences cardiovascular disease risk factor control among veterans.

dc.contributor.author

Goldstein, Karen M

dc.contributor.author

Melnyk, S Dee

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Zullig, Leah L

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Stechuchak, Karen M

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Oddone, Eugene

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Bastian, Lori A

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Rakley, Susan

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Olsen, Maren K

dc.contributor.author

Bosworth, Hayden B

dc.date.accessioned

2024-02-01T15:27:23Z

dc.date.available

2024-02-01T15:27:23Z

dc.date.issued

2014-09

dc.description.abstract

Background

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality for U.S. women. Racial minorities are a particularly vulnerable population. The increasing female veteran population has an higher prevalence of certain cardiovascular risk factors compared with non-veteran women; however, little is known about gender and racial differences in cardiovascular risk factor control among veterans.

Methods

We used analysis of variance, adjusting for age, to compare gender and racial differences in three risk factors that predispose to CVD (diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia) in a cohort of high-risk veterans eligible for enrollment in a clinical trial, including 23,955 men and 1,010 women.

Findings

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) values were higher in women veterans than men with age-adjusted estimated mean values of 111.7 versus 97.6 mg/dL (p < .01). Blood pressures (BPs) were higher among African-American than White female veterans with age-adjusted estimated mean systolic BPs of 136.3 versus 133.5 mmHg, respectively (p < .01), and diastolic BPs of 82.4 versus 78.9 mmHg (p < .01). African-American veterans with diabetes had worse BP, LDL values, and hemoglobin A1c levels, although the differences were only significant among men.

Conclusions

Female veterans have higher LDL cholesterol levels than male veterans and African-American veterans have higher BP, LDL cholesterol, and A1c levels than Whites after adjusting for age. Further examination of CVD gender and racial disparities in this population may help to develop targeted treatments and strategies applicable to the general population.
dc.identifier

S1049-3867(14)00061-9

dc.identifier.issn

1049-3867

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1878-4321

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https://hdl.handle.net/10161/30000

dc.language

eng

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Elsevier BV

dc.relation.ispartof

Women's health issues : official publication of the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health

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10.1016/j.whi.2014.05.005

dc.rights.uri

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

dc.subject

Humans

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Cardiovascular Diseases

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Hypertension

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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

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Prevalence

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Risk Factors

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Cohort Studies

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Age Factors

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Sex Factors

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Blood Pressure

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United States Department of Veterans Affairs

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Socioeconomic Factors

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Adult

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Aged

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Middle Aged

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Veterans

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United States

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North Carolina

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Virginia

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Female

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Male

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Cholesterol, LDL

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Health Status Disparities

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White People

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Black or African American

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Glycated Hemoglobin

dc.title

Heart matters: Gender and racial differences cardiovascular disease risk factor control among veterans.

dc.type

Journal article

duke.contributor.orcid

Goldstein, Karen M|0000-0003-4419-5869

duke.contributor.orcid

Zullig, Leah L|0000-0002-6638-409X

duke.contributor.orcid

Olsen, Maren K|0000-0002-9540-2103

duke.contributor.orcid

Bosworth, Hayden B|0000-0001-6188-9825

pubs.begin-page

477

pubs.end-page

483

pubs.issue

5

pubs.organisational-group

Duke

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School of Medicine

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Basic Science Departments

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Clinical Science Departments

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Institutes and Centers

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Biostatistics & Bioinformatics

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Medicine

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Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences

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Medicine, General Internal Medicine

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Duke Cancer Institute

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Duke Clinical Research Institute

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Institutes and Provost's Academic Units

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Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development

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Initiatives

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Duke Science & Society

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Population Health Sciences

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Duke Innovation & Entrepreneurship

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Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Behavioral Medicine & Neurosciences

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Duke - Margolis Center For Health Policy

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Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Division of Biostatistics

pubs.publication-status

Published

pubs.volume

24

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