Trajectories of positive aspects of caregiving among family caregivers of stroke-survivors: the differential impact of stroke-survivor disability.

Abstract

Objective To delineate positive aspects of caregiving trajectories among family caregivers of stroke-survivors and determine the impact of stroke-survivor disability, a time-varying factor, on the delineated trajectories. Methods In a longitudinal study, family caregivers of 173 stroke-survivors in Singapore were administered the Positive Aspects of Caregiving scale (PAC scale) thrice (baseline/3 months/6 months). Group-based trajectory modeling delineated positive aspects of caregiving trajectories and identified the impact of stroke-survivor disability on the trajectories. Results Two distinct positive aspects of caregiving trajectories, Persistently Low and Persistently High were delineated. Increase in stroke-survivor disability was associated with a significant downward shift (reduction in positive aspects of caregiving) of the Persistently Low trajectory and a significant upward shift (increase in positive aspects of caregiving) of the Persistently High trajectory. Older caregivers were more likely to follow the Persistently High trajectory. Conclusions Care professionals should be mindful of the heterogeneity in the longitudinal pattern of positive feelings resulting from care provision among family caregivers of stroke-survivors, and the differential impact of stroke-survivor disability on the pattern of positive feelings. Younger caregivers as well as family caregivers who have low positive feelings at the start of their caregiver journey and experience worsening functional disability of their care recipient (stroke-survivor) require greater attention and support.