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White Matter Tract Changes Associated with Clinical Improvement in an Open-Label Trial Assessing Autologous Umbilical Cord Blood for Treatment of Young Children with Autism.

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Date
2019-02
Authors
Carpenter, Kimberly LH
Major, Samantha
Tallman, Catherine
Chen, Lyon W
Franz, Lauren
Sun, Jessica
Kurtzberg, Joanne
Song, Allen
Dawson, Geraldine
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Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social communication deficits and the presence of restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. We have previously reported significant improvements in behavior, including increased social functioning, improved communication abilities, and decreased clinical symptoms in children with ASD, following treatment with a single infusion of autologous cord blood in a phase I open-label trial. In the current study, we aimed to understand whether these improvements were associated with concurrent changes in brain structural connectivity. Twenty-five 2- to 6-year-old children with ASD participated in this trial. Clinical outcome measures included the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-II Socialization Subscale, Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test-4, and the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement Scale. Structural connectivity was measured at baseline and at 6 months in a subset of 19 children with 25-direction diffusion tensor imaging and deterministic tractography. Behavioral improvements were associated with increased white matter connectivity in frontal, temporal, and subcortical regions (hippocampus and basal ganglia) that have been previously shown to show anatomical, connectivity, and functional abnormalities in ASD. The current results suggest that improvements in social communication skills and a reduction in symptoms in children with ASD following treatment with autologous cord blood infusion were associated with increased structural connectivity in brain networks supporting social, communication, and language abilities. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:138&10.
Type
Journal article
Subject
Hippocampus
Basal Ganglia
Fetal Blood
Humans
Communication
Autistic Disorder
Child
Child, Preschool
Female
Male
Social Skills
White Matter
Autism Spectrum Disorder
Permalink
https://hdl.handle.net/10161/24581
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.1002/sctm.18-0251
Publication Info
Carpenter, Kimberly LH; Major, Samantha; Tallman, Catherine; Chen, Lyon W; Franz, Lauren; Sun, Jessica; ... Dawson, Geraldine (2019). White Matter Tract Changes Associated with Clinical Improvement in an Open-Label Trial Assessing Autologous Umbilical Cord Blood for Treatment of Young Children with Autism. Stem cells translational medicine, 8(2). pp. 138-147. 10.1002/sctm.18-0251. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/24581.
This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
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Scholars@Duke

Carpenter

Kimberly Carpenter

Assistant Professor in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Dr. Kimberly Carpenter is a clinical neuroscientist specializing in understanding complex brain-behavior relationships in young children with autism and associated disorders. Her program of research includes four interrelated research themes: (1) Understanding the impact of comorbid disorders on clinical and behavioral outcomes of young autistic children; (2) Identification of early risk factors for the development of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders; (3) Identification of brain-b
Dawson

Geraldine Dawson

William Cleland Distinguished Professor
Geraldine Dawson is the William Cleland Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Duke University, where she also is a Professor of Pediatrics and Psychology & Neuroscience.  Dawson also is the Director of the Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development, an NIH Autism Center of Excellence, which is an interdisciplinary research program and clinic, aimed to improve the lives of those diagnosed with autism through research, education, clinical services, and poli
Franz

Lauren Franz

Assistant Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
Dr Franz's research focuses on improving access to evidence-based services and support for neurodevelopmental disabilities, including autism, in diverse, low-resource, local and global communities.
Kurtzberg

Joanne Kurtzberg

Jerome S. Harris Distinguished Professor of Pediatrics
Dr. Kurtzberg conducts both clinical and laboratory-based translational research efforts, all involving various aspects of normal and malignant hematopoiesis. In the laboratory, her early work focused on studies determining the mechanisms that regulate the choice between the various pathways of differentiation available to the pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell. Her laboratory established a CD7+ cell line, DU.528, capable of multilineage differentiation as well as self-renewal, and subse
Song

Allen W Song

Professor in Radiology
The research in our lab is concerned with advancing structural and functional MRI methodologies (e.g. fast and high-resolution imaging techniques) for human brain imaging. We also aim to improve our understanding of functional brain signals, including spatiotemporal characterizations of the blood oxygenation level dependent contrast and alternative contrast mechanisms that are more directly linked to the neuronal activities. Additional effort is invested in applying and validating the de

Jessica Muller Sun

Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
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