Feasibility of Interferential and Pulsed Transcranial Electrical Stimulation for Neuromodulation at the Human Scale.

dc.contributor.author

Howell, Bryan

dc.contributor.author

McIntyre, Cameron C

dc.date.accessioned

2021-09-28T18:56:34Z

dc.date.available

2021-09-28T18:56:34Z

dc.date.issued

2021-07

dc.date.updated

2021-09-28T18:56:33Z

dc.description.abstract

Objectives

Transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) is a promising tool for modulating neural activity, but tES has poor penetrability and spatiotemporal resolution compared to invasive techniques like deep brain stimulation (DBS). Interferential strategies for alternating-current stimulation (IF-tACS) and pulsed/intersectional strategies for transcranial direct-current stimulation (IS-tDCS) address some of the limitations of tES, but the comparative advantages and disadvantages of these new techniques is not well understood. This study's objective was to evaluate the suprathreshold and subthreshold membrane dynamics of neurons in response to IF-tACS and IS-tDCS.

Materials and methods

We analyzed the biophysics of IF-tACS and IS-tDCS using a bioelectric field model of tES. Neural responses were quantified for suprathreshold generation of action potentials in axons and for subthreshold modulation of membrane dynamics in spiking pyramidal neurons.

Results

IF-tACS and IS-tDCS could not directly activate axons at or below 10 mA, but within this current range, these fields were able to modulate, albeit indirectly, spiking activity in the neuron model. IF-tACS facilitated phase synchronization similar to tACS, and IS-tDCS enhanced and suppressed spiking activity similar to tDCS; however, in either case, the modulatory effects of these fields were less potent than their standard counterparts at a matched field intensity. Moreover, neither IF-tACS nor IS-tDCS improved the spatial selectivity of their parent strategies.

Conclusions

Enhancing the spatiotemporal precision and penetrability of tES with interferential and intersectional strategies is possible at the human scale. However, IF-tACS or IS-tDCS will likely require spatial multiplexing with multiple simultaneous sources to counteract their reduced potency, compared to standard techniques, to maintain stimulation currents at tolerable levels.
dc.identifier.issn

1094-7159

dc.identifier.issn

1525-1403

dc.identifier.uri

https://hdl.handle.net/10161/23858

dc.language

eng

dc.publisher

Wiley

dc.relation.ispartof

Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society

dc.relation.isversionof

10.1111/ner.13137

dc.subject

Neurons

dc.subject

Humans

dc.subject

Feasibility Studies

dc.subject

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

dc.title

Feasibility of Interferential and Pulsed Transcranial Electrical Stimulation for Neuromodulation at the Human Scale.

dc.type

Journal article

duke.contributor.orcid

Howell, Bryan|0000-0002-3329-8478

pubs.begin-page

843

pubs.end-page

853

pubs.issue

5

pubs.organisational-group

Pratt School of Engineering

pubs.organisational-group

Biomedical Engineering

pubs.organisational-group

Duke

pubs.publication-status

Published

pubs.volume

24

Files

Original bundle

Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Loading...
Thumbnail Image
Name:
ner.13137.pdf
Size:
6.3 MB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Description:
Published version