Grading of Complications After Cervical Deformity-corrective Surgery: Are Existing Classification Systems Applicable?
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2019-07
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This is a retrospective review of prospective multicenter cervical deformity (CD) database.Objective
Assess the impact of complication type and Clavien complication (Cc) grade on clinical outcomes of surgical CD patients BACKGROUND:: Validated for general surgery, the Clavien-Dindo complication classification system allows for broad comparison of postoperative complications; however, the applicability of this system is unclear in CD-specific populations.Methods
Surgical CD patients above 18 years with baseline and postoperative clinical data were included. Primary outcomes were complication type (renal, infection, cardiac, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, neurological, musculoskeletal, implant-related, radiographic, operative, wound) and Cc grade (I, II, III, IV, V). Secondary outcomes were estimated blood loss (EBL), length of stay (LOS), reoperation, and health-related quality of life (HRQL) score. The univariate analysis assessed the impact of complication type and Cc grade on improvement markers and 1-year postoperative HRQL outcomes.Results
In total, 153 patients (61±10 y, 61% female) underwent surgery for CD (8.1±4.6 levels fused; surgical approach included 48% posterior, 18% anterior, 34% combined). Overall, 63% of patients suffered at least 1 complication. Complication breakdown by type: renal (2.0%), infection (5.2%), cardiac (7.2%), pulmonary (3.9%), gastrointestinal (2.0%), neurological (26.1%), musculoskeletal (0.0%), implant-related (3.9%), radiographic (16.3%), operative (7.8%), and wound (5.2%). Of complication types, only operative complications were associated with increased EBL (P=0.004), whereas renal, cardiac, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, neurological, radiographic, and wound infections were associated with increased LOS (P<0.050). Patients were also assessed by Cc grade: I (28%), II (14.3%), III (16.3%), IV (6.5%), and V (0.7%). Grades I and V were associated with increased EBL (both P<0.050); Cc grade V was the only complication not associated with increased LOS (P=0.610). Increasing complication severity was correlated with increased risk of reoperation (r=0.512; P<0.001), but not inferior 1-year HRQL outcomes (all P>0.05).Conclusions
Increasing complication severity, assessed by the Clavien-Dindo classification system, was not associated with increased EBL, inpatient LOS, or inferior 1-year postoperative HRQL outcomes. Only operative complications were associated with increased EBL. These results suggest a need for modification of the Clavien system to increase applicability and utility in CD-specific populations.Type
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Bortz, Cole A, Peter G Passias, Frank A Segreto, Samantha R Horn, Renaud Lafage, Justin S Smith, Breton G Line, Gregory M Mundis, et al. (2019). Grading of Complications After Cervical Deformity-corrective Surgery: Are Existing Classification Systems Applicable?. Clinical spine surgery, 32(6). pp. 263–268. 10.1097/bsd.0000000000000748 Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/28196.
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Scholars@Duke
Peter Passias
Christopher Ignatius Shaffrey
I have more than 25 years of experience treating patients of all ages with spinal disorders. I have had an interest in the management of spinal disorders since starting my medical education. I performed residencies in both orthopaedic surgery and neurosurgery to gain a comprehensive understanding of the entire range of spinal disorders. My goal has been to find innovative ways to manage the range of spinal conditions, straightforward to complex. I have a focus on managing patients with complex spinal disorders. My patient evaluation and management philosophy is to provide engaged, compassionate care that focuses on providing the simplest and least aggressive treatment option for a particular condition. In many cases, non-operative treatment options exist to improve a patient’s symptoms. I have been actively engaged in clinical research to find the best ways to manage spinal disorders in order to achieve better results with fewer complications.
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