The Excess Burden of Cytomegalovirus in African American Communities: A Geospatial Analysis.
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2015-12
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Background. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common cause of birth defects and hearing loss in infants and opportunistic infections in the immunocompromised. Previous studies have found higher CMV seroprevalence rates among minorities and among persons with lower socioeconomic status. No studies have investigated the geographic distribution of CMV and its relationship to age, race, and poverty in the community. Methods. We identified patients from 6 North Carolina counties who were tested in the Duke University Health System for CMV immunoglobulin G. We performed spatial statistical analyses to analyze the distributions of seropositive and seronegative individuals. Results. Of 1884 subjects, 90% were either white or African American. Cytomegalovirus seropositivity was significantly more common among African Americans (73% vs 42%; odds ratio, 3.31; 95% confidence interval, 2.7-4.1), and this disparity persisted across the life span. We identified clusters of high and low CMV odds, both of which were largely explained by race. Clusters of high CMV odds were found in communities with high proportions of African Americans. Conclusions. Cytomegalovirus seropositivity is geographically clustered, and its distribution is strongly determined by a community's racial composition. African American communities have high prevalence rates of CMV infection, and there may be a disparate burden of CMV-associated morbidity in these communities.
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Lantos, Paul M, Sallie R Permar, Kate Hoffman and Geeta K Swamy (2015). The Excess Burden of Cytomegalovirus in African American Communities: A Geospatial Analysis. Open Forum Infect Dis, 2(4). p. ofv180. 10.1093/ofid/ofv180 Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/12048.
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Paul Michael Lantos
I am interested in the spatial epidemiology of infectious diseases. My research utilizes geographic information systems (GIS) and geostatistical analyses to understand the spatial and spatiotemporal distribution of diseases, and their relationship with environmental and demographic factors, from forest and climate to poverty and disparities in access to care. I have conducted studies evaluating the spatial distribution of numerous domestic and international infectious diseases, including SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), cytomegalovirus, influenza, and Lyme disease. Additionally I am interested in maternal-child health, and I have conducted a number of studies of neighborhood health disparities in obstetrical care and birth outcomes. I am interested in GIS education and have conducted workshops on public health GIS in Mongolia and China. I am also interested in research oversight and human subjects protections; since 2018 I have served as chair on the DUHS Institutional Review Board.

Kate Hoffman

Geeta Krishna Swamy
Geeta Swamy, MD, Haywood Brown, MD Distinguished Professor of Women’s Health, serves as Executive Vice Dean for Clinical Sciences & Research Administration for the Duke University School of Medicine and Associate Vice President for Research for Duke University. In these roles, Dr. Swamy oversees central operations aligned with clinical departments and research centers, facilitating research priorities in collaboration with clinical chairs and vice chairs, and managing research administration and compliance. She works closely with leadership across the Duke Health Integrated Practice (DHIP) and Duke University Health System (DUHS) on areas that intersect with the academic missions. She collaborates with leaders across the Duke University campus to provide a consistent vision for research administration, operations, quality, and accountability. Her responsibilities include overseeing pre- and post-award management for sponsored grants and contracts, human research, research quality, compliance, and integrity, conflict of interest, and other regulatory areas. As a highly accomplished clinician-scientist, Dr. Swamy’s research specializes in perinatal infection, maternal immunization, and complications of pregnancy.
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